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Methods are provided to insert, remove, and examine the * element. Each of these methods exists in two forms: one throws an exception * if the operation fails, the other returns a special value (either `null` or * `false`, depending on the operation). The latter form of the insert operation * is designed specifically for use with capacity-restricted implementations; in * most implementations, insert operations cannot fail. * * The twelve methods described above are summarized in the following table: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Summary of DoubleEndedQueueInterface methods
First Element (Head)Last Element (Tail)
Throws exceptionSpecial valueThrows exceptionSpecial value
InsertaddFirst()offerFirst()addLast()offerLast()
RemoveremoveFirst()pollFirst()removeLast()pollLast()
ExaminefirstElement()peekFirst()lastElement()peekLast()
* * This interface extends the `QueueInterface`. When a double-ended queue is * used as a queue, FIFO (first-in-first-out) behavior results. Elements are * added at the end of the double-ended queue and removed from the beginning. * The methods inherited from the `QueueInterface` are precisely equivalent to * `DoubleEndedQueueInterface` methods as indicated in the following table: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Comparison of QueueInterface and DoubleEndedQueueInterface methods
QueueInterface MethodDoubleEndedQueueInterface Method
add()addLast()
offer()offerLast()
remove()removeFirst()
poll()pollFirst()
element()firstElement()
peek()peekFirst()
* * Double-ended queues can also be used as LIFO (last-in-first-out) stacks. When * a double-ended queue is used as a stack, elements are pushed and popped from * the beginning of the double-ended queue. Stack concepts are precisely * equivalent to `DoubleEndedQueueInterface` methods as indicated in the table * below: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Comparison of stack concepts and DoubleEndedQueueInterface methods
Stack conceptDoubleEndedQueueInterface Method
pushaddFirst()
popremoveFirst()
peekpeekFirst()
* * Note that the `peek()` method works equally well when a double-ended queue is * used as a queue or a stack; in either case, elements are drawn from the * beginning of the double-ended queue. * * While `DoubleEndedQueueInterface` implementations are not strictly required * to prohibit the insertion of `null` elements, they are strongly encouraged to * do so. Users of any `DoubleEndedQueueInterface` implementations that do allow * `null` elements are strongly encouraged *not* to take advantage of the * ability to insert nulls. This is so because `null` is used as a special * return value by various methods to indicated that the double-ended queue is * empty. * * @template T * @extends QueueInterface */ interface DoubleEndedQueueInterface extends QueueInterface { /** * Inserts the specified element at the front of this queue if it is * possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions. * * When using a capacity-restricted double-ended queue, it is generally * preferable to use the `offerFirst()` method. * * @param T $element The element to add to the front of this queue. * * @return bool `true` if this queue changed as a result of the call. * * @throws \RuntimeException if a queue refuses to add a particular element * for any reason other than that it already contains the element. * Implementations should use a more-specific exception that extends * `\RuntimeException`. */ // phpcs:ignore SlevomatCodingStandard.TypeHints.ParameterTypeHint.MissingNativeTypeHint public function addFirst($element): bool; /** * Inserts the specified element at the end of this queue if it is possible * to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions. * * When using a capacity-restricted double-ended queue, it is generally * preferable to use the `offerLast()` method. * * This method is equivalent to `add()`. * * @param T $element The element to add to the end of this queue. * * @return bool `true` if this queue changed as a result of the call. * * @throws \RuntimeException if a queue refuses to add a particular element * for any reason other than that it already contains the element. * Implementations should use a more-specific exception that extends * `\RuntimeException`. */ // phpcs:ignore SlevomatCodingStandard.TypeHints.ParameterTypeHint.MissingNativeTypeHint public function addLast($element): bool; /** * Inserts the specified element at the front of this queue if it is * possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions. * * When using a capacity-restricted queue, this method is generally * preferable to `addFirst()`, which can fail to insert an element only by * throwing an exception. * * @param T $element The element to add to the front of this queue. * * @return bool `true` if the element was added to this queue, else `false`. */ // phpcs:ignore SlevomatCodingStandard.TypeHints.ParameterTypeHint.MissingNativeTypeHint public function offerFirst($element): bool; /** * Inserts the specified element at the end of this queue if it is possible * to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions. * * When using a capacity-restricted queue, this method is generally * preferable to `addLast()` which can fail to insert an element only by * throwing an exception. * * @param T $element The element to add to the end of this queue. * * @return bool `true` if the element was added to this queue, else `false`. */ // phpcs:ignore SlevomatCodingStandard.TypeHints.ParameterTypeHint.MissingNativeTypeHint public function offerLast($element): bool; /** * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue. * * This method differs from `pollFirst()` only in that it throws an * exception if this queue is empty. * * @return T the first element in this queue. * * @throws NoSuchElementException if this queue is empty. */ public function removeFirst(); /** * Retrieves and removes the tail of this queue. * * This method differs from `pollLast()` only in that it throws an exception * if this queue is empty. * * @return T the last element in this queue. * * @throws NoSuchElementException if this queue is empty. */ public function removeLast(); /** * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, or returns `null` if this * queue is empty. * * @return T|null the head of this queue, or `null` if this queue is empty. */ public function pollFirst(); /** * Retrieves and removes the tail of this queue, or returns `null` if this * queue is empty. * * @return T|null the tail of this queue, or `null` if this queue is empty. */ public function pollLast(); /** * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of this queue. * * This method differs from `peekFirst()` only in that it throws an * exception if this queue is empty. * * @return T the head of this queue. * * @throws NoSuchElementException if this queue is empty. */ public function firstElement(); /** * Retrieves, but does not remove, the tail of this queue. * * This method differs from `peekLast()` only in that it throws an exception * if this queue is empty. * * @return T the tail of this queue. * * @throws NoSuchElementException if this queue is empty. */ public function lastElement(); /** * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of this queue, or returns `null` * if this queue is empty. * * @return T|null the head of this queue, or `null` if this queue is empty. */ public function peekFirst(); /** * Retrieves, but does not remove, the tail of this queue, or returns `null` * if this queue is empty. * * @return T|null the tail of this queue, or `null` if this queue is empty. */ public function peekLast(); }