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The following compression codings are supported: - deflate - gzip ## Install This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the [npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the [`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally): ```bash $ npm install compression ``` ## API ```js var compression = require('compression') ``` ### compression([options]) Returns the compression middleware using the given `options`. The middleware will attempt to compress response bodies for all request that traverse through the middleware, based on the given `options`. This middleware will never compress responses that include a `Cache-Control` header with the [`no-transform` directive](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-5.2.2.4), as compressing will transform the body. #### Options `compression()` accepts these properties in the options object. In addition to those listed below, [zlib](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html) options may be passed in to the options object. ##### chunkSize The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_CHUNK`, or `16384`. See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning) regarding the usage. ##### filter A function to decide if the response should be considered for compression. This function is called as `filter(req, res)` and is expected to return `true` to consider the response for compression, or `false` to not compress the response. The default filter function uses the [compressible](https://www.npmjs.com/package/compressible) module to determine if `res.getHeader('Content-Type')` is compressible. ##### level The level of zlib compression to apply to responses. A higher level will result in better compression, but will take longer to complete. A lower level will result in less compression, but will be much faster. This is an integer in the range of `0` (no compression) to `9` (maximum compression). The special value `-1` can be used to mean the "default compression level", which is a default compromise between speed and compression (currently equivalent to level 6). - `-1` Default compression level (also `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION`). - `0` No compression (also `zlib.Z_NO_COMPRESSION`). - `1` Fastest compression (also `zlib.Z_BEST_SPEED`). - `2` - `3` - `4` - `5` - `6` (currently what `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION` points to). - `7` - `8` - `9` Best compression (also `zlib.Z_BEST_COMPRESSION`). The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION`, or `-1`. **Note** in the list above, `zlib` is from `zlib = require('zlib')`. ##### memLevel This specifies how much memory should be allocated for the internal compression state and is an integer in the range of `1` (minimum level) and `9` (maximum level). The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_MEMLEVEL`, or `8`. See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning) regarding the usage. ##### strategy This is used to tune the compression algorithm. This value only affects the compression ratio, not the correctness of the compressed output, even if it is not set appropriately. - `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY` Use for normal data. - `zlib.Z_FILTERED` Use for data produced by a filter (or predictor). Filtered data consists mostly of small values with a somewhat random distribution. In this case, the compression algorithm is tuned to compress them better. The effect is to force more Huffman coding and less string matching; it is somewhat intermediate between `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY` and `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY`. - `zlib.Z_FIXED` Use to prevent the use of dynamic Huffman codes, allowing for a simpler decoder for special applications. - `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY` Use to force Huffman encoding only (no string match). - `zlib.Z_RLE` Use to limit match distances to one (run-length encoding). This is designed to be almost as fast as `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY`, but give better compression for PNG image data. **Note** in the list above, `zlib` is from `zlib = require('zlib')`. ##### threshold The byte threshold for the response body size before compression is considered for the response, defaults to `1kb`. This is a number of bytes or any string accepted by the [bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) module. **Note** this is only an advisory setting; if the response size cannot be determined at the time the response headers are written, then it is assumed the response is _over_ the threshold. To guarantee the response size can be determined, be sure set a `Content-Length` response header. ##### windowBits The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_WINDOWBITS`, or `15`. See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning) regarding the usage. #### .filter The default `filter` function. This is used to construct a custom filter function that is an extension of the default function. ```js var compression = require('compression') var express = require('express') var app = express() app.use(compression({ filter: shouldCompress })) function shouldCompress (req, res) { if (req.headers['x-no-compression']) { // don't compress responses with this request header return false } // fallback to standard filter function return compression.filter(req, res) } ``` ### res.flush This module adds a `res.flush()` method to force the partially-compressed response to be flushed to the client. ## Examples ### express/connect When using this module with express or connect, simply `app.use` the module as high as you like. Requests that pass through the middleware will be compressed. ```js var compression = require('compression') var express = require('express') var app = express() // compress all responses app.use(compression()) // add all routes ``` ### Server-Sent Events Because of the nature of compression this module does not work out of the box with server-sent events. To compress content, a window of the output needs to be buffered up in order to get good compression. Typically when using server-sent events, there are certain block of data that need to reach the client. You can achieve this by calling `res.flush()` when you need the data written to actually make it to the client. ```js var compression = require('compression') var express = require('express') var app = express() // compress responses app.use(compression()) // server-sent event stream app.get('/events', function (req, res) { res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/event-stream') res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-cache') // send a ping approx every 2 seconds var timer = setInterval(function () { res.write('data: ping\n\n') // !!! this is the important part res.flush() }, 2000) res.on('close', function () { clearInterval(timer) }) }) ``` ## License [MIT](LICENSE) [npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/compression.svg [npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/compression [travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/expressjs/compression/master.svg [travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/expressjs/compression [coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/expressjs/compression/master.svg [coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/compression?branch=master [downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/compression.svg [downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/compression