ÿØÿà JFIF    ÿÛ „  ( %"1!%)+...383,7(-.+  -+++--++++---+-+-----+---------------+---+-++7-----ÿÀ  ß â" ÿÄ     ÿÄ H    !1AQaq"‘¡2B±ÁÑð#R“Ò Tbr‚²á3csƒ’ÂñDS¢³$CÿÄ   ÿÄ %  !1AQa"23‘ÿÚ   ? ôÿ ¨pŸªáÿ —åYõõ\?àÒü©ŠÄï¨pŸªáÿ —åYõõ\?àÓü©ŠÄá 0Ÿªáÿ Ÿå[úƒ ú®ði~TÁbqÐ8OÕpÿ ƒOò¤Oè`–RÂáœá™êi€ßÉ< FtŸI“öÌ8úDf´°å}“¾œ6  öFá°y¥jñÇh†ˆ¢ã/ÃÐ:ªcÈ "Y¡ðÑl>ÿ ”ÏËte:qž\oäŠe÷󲍷˜HT4&ÿ ÓÐü6ö®¿øþßèô Ÿ•7Ñi’•j|“ñì>b…þS?*Óôÿ ÓÐü*h¥£ír¶ü UãSç‚Ÿ[AÐaè[ûª•õ&õj?†Éö+EzP—WeÒírJFt ‘BŒ†Ï‡%#tE Øz ¥OÛ«!1›üä±Í™%ºÍãö]°î(–:@<‹ŒÊö×òÆt¦ãº+‡¦%ÌÁ²h´OƒJŒtMÜ>ÀÜÊw3Y´•牋4ǍýʏTì>œú=Íwhyë,¾Ôò×õ¿ßÊa»«þˆѪQ|%6ž™A õ%:øj<>É—ÿ Å_ˆCbõ¥š±ý¯Ýƒï…¶|RëócÍf溪“t.СøTÿ *Ä¿-{†çàczůŽ_–^XþŒ±miB[X±d 1,é”zEù»& î9gœf™9Ð'.;—™i}!ôšåîqêÛ٤ёý£½ÆA–àôe"A$˝Úsäÿ ÷Û #°xŸëí(l »ý3—¥5m! rt`†0~'j2(]S¦¦kv,ÚÇ l¦øJA£Šƒ J3E8ÙiŽ:cÉžúeZ°€¯\®kÖ(79«Ž:¯X”¾³Š&¡* ….‰Ž(ÜíŸ2¥ª‡×Hi²TF¤ò[¨íÈRëÉ䢍mgÑ.Ÿ<öäS0í„ǹÁU´f#Vß;Õ–…P@3ío<ä-±»Ž.L|kªÀê›fÂ6@»eu‚|ÓaÞÆŸ…¨ááå>åŠ?cKü6ùTÍÆ”†sĤÚ;H2RÚ†õ\Ö·Ÿn'¾ ñ#ºI¤Å´%çÁ­‚â7›‹qT3Iï¨ÖÚ5I7Ë!ÅOóŸ¶øÝñØôת¦$Tcö‘[«Ö³šÒ';Aþ ¸èíg A2Z"i¸vdÄ÷.iõ®§)¿]¤À†–‡É&ä{V¶iŽ”.Ó×Õÿ û?h¬Mt–íª[ÿ Ñÿ ÌV(í}=ibÔ¡›¥¢±b Lô¥‡piη_Z<‡z§èŒ)iÖwiÇ 2hÙ3·=’d÷8éŽ1¦¸c¤µ€7›7Ø ð\á)} ¹fËí›pAÃL%âc2 í§æQz¿;T8sæ°qø)QFMð‰XŒÂ±N¢aF¨…8¯!U  Z©RÊ ÖPVÄÀÍin™Ì-GˆªÅËŠ›•zË}º±ŽÍFò¹}Uw×#ä5B¤{î}Ð<ÙD é©¤&‡ïDbàÁôMÁ." ¤‡ú*õ'VŽ|¼´Úgllº¼klz[Æüï÷Aób‡Eÿ dÑ»Xx9ÃÜ£ÁT/`¼¸vI±Ýµ·Ë‚“G³þ*Ÿû´r|*}<¨îºœ @¦mÄ’M¹”.œ«Y–|6ÏU¤jç¥ÕÞqO ˜kDÆÁ¨5ÿ š;Њ¦¦€GÙk \ –Þ=â¼=SͧµªS°ÚÍpÜãQűÀõ¬?ÃÁ1Ñ•õZà?hóœ€ L¦l{Y*K˜Ù›zc˜–ˆâ ø+¾ ­-Ök¥%ùEÜA'}ˆ><ÊIè“bpÍ/qÞâvoX€w,\úªò6Z[XdÒæ­@Ö—€$òJí#é>'°Ú ôª˜<)4ryÙ£|óAÅn5žêŸyÒäMÝ2{"}‰–¤l÷ûWX\l¾Á¸góÉOÔ /óñB¤f¸çñ[.P˜ZsÊË*ßT܈§QN¢’¡¨§V¼(Üù*eÕ“”5T¨‹Âê¥FŒã½Dü[8'Ò¥a…Ú¶k7a *•›¼'Ò·\8¨ª\@\õ¢¦íq+DÙrmÎ…_ªæ»ŠÓœ¡¯’Ré9MÅ×D™lælffc+ŒÑ,ý™ÿ ¯þǤ=Å’Á7µ÷ÚÛ/“Ü€ñýã¼àí¾ÕÑ+ƒ,uµMâÀÄbm:ÒÎPæ{˜Gz[ƒ¯«® KHà`ßØŠéí¯P8Aq.C‰ à€kòpj´kN¶qô€…Õ,ÜNŠª-­{Zö’æû44‰sŽè‰îVíRœÕm" 6?³D9¡ÇTíÅꋇ`4«¸ÝÁô ï’ýorqКÇZ«x4Žâéþuïf¹µö[P ,Q£éaX±`PÉÍZ ¸äYúg üAx ’6Lê‚xÝÓ*äQ  Ï’¨hÍ =²,6ï#rÃ<¯–£»ƒ‹,–ê•€ aÛsñ'%Æ"®ÛüìBᝠHÚ3ß°©$“XnœÖ’î2ËTeûìxîß ¦å¿çÉ ðK§þ{‘t‚Ϋ¬jéîZ[ ”š7L¥4VÚCE×]m¤Øy”ä4-dz£œ§¸x.*ãÊÊ b÷•h:©‡¦s`BTÁRû¾g⻩‹jø sF¢àJøFl‘È•Xᓁà~*j¯ +(ÚÕ6-£¯÷GŠØy‚<Ç’.F‹Hœw(+)ÜÜâÈzÄäT§FߘãÏ;DmVœ3Àu@mÚüXÝü•3B¨òÌÁÛ<·ÃÜ z,Ì@õÅ·d2]ü8s÷IôÞ¯^Ç9¢u„~ëAŸï4«M? 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The first time you invoke Info you start off looking at this node.  File: dir, Node: Top This is the top of the INFO tree This (the Directory node) gives a menu of major topics. Typing "q" exits, "H" lists all Info commands, "d" returns here, "h" gives a primer for first-timers, "mEmacs" visits the Emacs manual, etc. In Emacs, you can click mouse button 2 on a menu item or cross reference to select it. * Menu: Archiving * Shar utilities: (sharutils). Shell archiver, uuencode/uudecode. Basics * Common options: (coreutils)Common options. * Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities. * Date input formats: (coreutils)Date input formats. * Ed: (ed). The GNU line editor * File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes. * Finding files: (find). Operating on files matching certain criteria. C++ libraries * autosprintf: (autosprintf). Support for printf format strings in C++. Compression * Gzip: (gzip). General (de)compression of files (lzw). DOS * Mtools: (mtools). Mtools: utilities to access DOS disks in Unix. Editors * nano: (nano). Small and friendly text editor. General Commands * Screen: (screen). Full-screen window manager. GNU Gettext Utilities * autopoint: (gettext)autopoint Invocation. Copy gettext infrastructure. * envsubst: (gettext)envsubst Invocation. Expand environment variables. * gettextize: (gettext)gettextize Invocation. Prepare a package for gettext. * gettext: (gettext). GNU gettext utilities. * ISO3166: (gettext)Country Codes. ISO 3166 country codes. * ISO639: (gettext)Language Codes. ISO 639 language codes. * msgattrib: (gettext)msgattrib Invocation. Select part of a PO file. * msgcat: (gettext)msgcat Invocation. Combine several PO files. * msgcmp: (gettext)msgcmp Invocation. Compare a PO file and template. * msgcomm: (gettext)msgcomm Invocation. Match two PO files. * msgconv: (gettext)msgconv Invocation. Convert PO file to encoding. * msgen: (gettext)msgen Invocation. Create an English PO file. * msgexec: (gettext)msgexec Invocation. Process a PO file. * msgfilter: (gettext)msgfilter Invocation. Pipe a PO file through a filter. * msgfmt: (gettext)msgfmt Invocation. Make MO files out of PO files. * msggrep: (gettext)msggrep Invocation. Select part of a PO file. * msginit: (gettext)msginit Invocation. Create a fresh PO file. * msgmerge: (gettext)msgmerge Invocation. Update a PO file from template. * msgunfmt: (gettext)msgunfmt Invocation. Uncompile MO file into PO file. * msguniq: (gettext)msguniq Invocation. Unify duplicates for PO file. * ngettext: (gettext)ngettext Invocation. Translate a message with plural. * xgettext: (gettext)xgettext Invocation. Extract strings into a PO file. GNU organization * Maintaining Findutils: (find-maint). Maintaining GNU findutils GNU Utilities * dirmngr-client: (gnupg). X.509 CRL and OCSP client. * dirmngr: (gnupg). X.509 CRL and OCSP server. * gpg-agent: (gnupg). The secret key daemon. * gpg2: (gnupg). OpenPGP encryption and signing tool. * gpgsm: (gnupg). S/MIME encryption and signing tool. Individual utilities * arch: (coreutils)arch invocation. Print machine hardware name. * b2sum: (coreutils)b2sum invocation. Print or check BLAKE2 digests. * base32: (coreutils)base32 invocation. Base32 encode/decode data. * base64: (coreutils)base64 invocation. Base64 encode/decode data. * basename: (coreutils)basename invocation. Strip directory and suffix. * cat: (coreutils)cat invocation. Concatenate and write files. * chcon: (coreutils)chcon invocation. Change SELinux CTX of files. * chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp invocation. Change file groups. * chmod: (coreutils)chmod invocation. Change access permissions. * chown: (coreutils)chown invocation. Change file owners and groups. * chroot: (coreutils)chroot invocation. Specify the root directory. * cksum: (coreutils)cksum invocation. Print POSIX CRC checksum. * cmp: (diffutils)Invoking cmp. Compare 2 files byte by byte. * comm: (coreutils)comm invocation. Compare sorted files by line. * cp: (coreutils)cp invocation. Copy files. * csplit: (coreutils)csplit invocation. Split by context. * cut: (coreutils)cut invocation. Print selected parts of lines. * date: (coreutils)date invocation. Print/set system date and time. * dd: (coreutils)dd invocation. Copy and convert a file. * df: (coreutils)df invocation. Report file system disk usage. * diff: (diffutils)Invoking diff. Compare 2 files line by line. * diff3: (diffutils)Invoking diff3. Compare 3 files line by line. * dircolors: (coreutils)dircolors invocation. Color setup for ls. * dirname: (coreutils)dirname invocation. Strip last file name component. * dir: (coreutils)dir invocation. List directories briefly. * du: (coreutils)du invocation. Report on disk usage. * echo: (coreutils)echo invocation. Print a line of text. * env: (coreutils)env invocation. Modify the environment. * expand: (coreutils)expand invocation. Convert tabs to spaces. * expr: (coreutils)expr invocation. Evaluate expressions. * factor: (coreutils)factor invocation. Print prime factors * false: (coreutils)false invocation. Do nothing, unsuccessfully. * find: (find)Invoking find. Finding and acting on files. * fmt: (coreutils)fmt invocation. Reformat paragraph text. * fold: (coreutils)fold invocation. Wrap long input lines. * groups: (coreutils)groups invocation. Print group names a user is in. * gunzip: (gzip)Overview. Decompression. * gzexe: (gzip)Overview. Compress executables. * head: (coreutils)head invocation. Output the first part of files. * hostid: (coreutils)hostid invocation. Print numeric host identifier. * hostname: (coreutils)hostname invocation. Print or set system name. * id: (coreutils)id invocation. Print user identity. * install: (coreutils)install invocation. Copy files and set attributes. * join: (coreutils)join invocation. Join lines on a common field. * kill: (coreutils)kill invocation. Send a signal to processes. * link: (coreutils)link invocation. Make hard links between files. * ln: (coreutils)ln invocation. Make links between files. * locate: (find)Invoking locate. Finding files in a database. * logname: (coreutils)logname invocation. Print current login name. * ls: (coreutils)ls invocation. List directory contents. * md5sum: (coreutils)md5sum invocation. Print or check MD5 digests. * mkdir: (coreutils)mkdir invocation. Create directories. * mkfifo: (coreutils)mkfifo invocation. Create FIFOs (named pipes). * mknod: (coreutils)mknod invocation. Create special files. * mktemp: (coreutils)mktemp invocation. Create temporary files. * mv: (coreutils)mv invocation. Rename files. * nice: (coreutils)nice invocation. Modify niceness. * nl: (coreutils)nl invocation. Number lines and write files. * nohup: (coreutils)nohup invocation. Immunize to hangups. * nproc: (coreutils)nproc invocation. Print the number of processors. * numfmt: (coreutils)numfmt invocation. Reformat numbers. * od: (coreutils)od invocation. Dump files in octal, etc. * paste: (coreutils)paste invocation. Merge lines of files. * patch: (diffutils)Invoking patch. Apply a patch to a file. * pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk invocation. Check file name portability. * printenv: (coreutils)printenv invocation. Print environment variables. * printf: (coreutils)printf invocation. Format and print data. * pr: (coreutils)pr invocation. Paginate or columnate files. * ptx: (coreutils)ptx invocation. Produce permuted indexes. * pwd: (coreutils)pwd invocation. Print working directory. * readlink: (coreutils)readlink invocation. Print referent of a symlink. * realpath: (coreutils)realpath invocation. Print resolved file names. * rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir invocation. Remove empty directories. * rm: (coreutils)rm invocation. Remove files. * runcon: (coreutils)runcon invocation. Run in specified SELinux CTX. * sdiff: (diffutils)Invoking sdiff. Merge 2 files side-by-side. * seq: (coreutils)seq invocation. Print numeric sequences * sha1sum: (coreutils)sha1sum invocation. Print or check SHA-1 digests. * sha2: (coreutils)sha2 utilities. Print or check SHA-2 digests. * shar: (sharutils)shar Invocation. Make a shell archive. * shred: (coreutils)shred invocation. Remove files more securely. * shuf: (coreutils)shuf invocation. Shuffling text files. * sleep: (coreutils)sleep invocation. Delay for a specified time. * sort: (coreutils)sort invocation. Sort text files. * split: (coreutils)split invocation. Split into pieces. * stat: (coreutils)stat invocation. Report file(system) status. * stdbuf: (coreutils)stdbuf invocation. Modify stdio buffering. * stty: (coreutils)stty invocation. Print/change terminal settings. * sum: (coreutils)sum invocation. Print traditional checksum. * sync: (coreutils)sync invocation. Synchronize memory to disk. * tac: (coreutils)tac invocation. Reverse files. * tail: (coreutils)tail invocation. Output the last part of files. * tee: (coreutils)tee invocation. Redirect to multiple files. * test: (coreutils)test invocation. File/string tests. * timeout: (coreutils)timeout invocation. Run with time limit. * touch: (coreutils)touch invocation. Change file timestamps. * true: (coreutils)true invocation. Do nothing, successfully. * truncate: (coreutils)truncate invocation. Shrink/extend size of a file. * tr: (coreutils)tr invocation. Translate characters. * tsort: (coreutils)tsort invocation. Topological sort. * tty: (coreutils)tty invocation. Print terminal name. * uname: (coreutils)uname invocation. Print system information. * unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand invocation. Convert spaces to tabs. * uniq: (coreutils)uniq invocation. Uniquify files. * unlink: (coreutils)unlink invocation. Removal via unlink(2). * unshar: (sharutils)unshar Invocation. Explode a shell archive. * updatedb: (find)Invoking updatedb. Building the locate database. * uptime: (coreutils)uptime invocation. Print uptime and load. * users: (coreutils)users invocation. Print current user names. * uudecode: (sharutils)uudecode Invocation. Restore file from 7-bits. * uuencode: (sharutils)uuencode Invocation. Force binary file to 7-bits. * vdir: (coreutils)vdir invocation. List directories verbosely. * wc: (coreutils)wc invocation. Line, word, and byte counts. * whoami: (coreutils)whoami invocation. Print effective user ID. * who: (coreutils)who invocation. Print who is logged in. * xargs: (find)Invoking xargs. Operating on many files. * yes: (coreutils)yes invocation. Print a string indefinitely. * zcat: (gzip)Overview. Decompression to stdout. * zdiff: (gzip)Overview. Compare compressed files. * zforce: (gzip)Overview. Force .gz extension on files. * zgrep: (gzip)Overview. Search compressed files. * zmore: (gzip)Overview. Decompression output by pages. Libraries * RLuserman: (rluserman). The GNU readline library User's Manual. Network applications * Wget: (wget). Non-interactive network downloader. Text creation and manipulation * Diffutils: (diffutils). Comparing and merging files. * M4: (m4). A powerful macro processor. * grep: (grep). Print lines matching a pattern. * sed: (sed). Stream EDitor.