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Applications include network statistics collection, security monitoring, network debugging, etc. Since almost every system vendor provides a different interface for packet capture, and since we've developed several tools that require this functionality, we've created this system-independent API to ease in porting and to alleviate the need for several system-dependent packet capture modules in each application. For some platforms there are README.{system} files that discuss issues with the OS's interface for packet capture on those platforms, such as how to enable support for that interface in the OS, if it's not built in by default. The libpcap interface supports a filtering mechanism based on the architecture in the BSD packet filter. BPF is described in the 1993 Winter Usenix paper ``The BSD Packet Filter: A New Architecture for User-level Packet Capture''. A compressed PostScript version can be found at ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/papers/bpf-usenix93.ps.Z or http://www.tcpdump.org/papers/bpf-usenix93.ps.Z and a gzipped version can be found at http://www.tcpdump.org/papers/bpf-usenix93.ps.gz A PDF version can be found at http://www.tcpdump.org/papers/bpf-usenix93.pdf Although most packet capture interfaces support in-kernel filtering, libpcap utilizes in-kernel filtering only for the BPF interface. On systems that don't have BPF, all packets are read into user-space and the BPF filters are evaluated in the libpcap library, incurring added overhead (especially, for selective filters). Ideally, libpcap would translate BPF filters into a filter program that is compatible with the underlying kernel subsystem, but this is not yet implemented. BPF is standard in 4.4BSD, BSD/OS, NetBSD, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFly BSD, and Mac OS X; an older, modified and undocumented version is standard in AIX. {DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, Tru64 UNIX} uses the packetfilter interface but has been extended to accept BPF filters (which libpcap utilizes). Also, you can add BPF filter support to Ultrix using the kernel source and/or object patches available in: http://www.tcpdump.org/other/bpfext42.tar.Z Linux, in the 2.2 kernel and later kernels, has a "Socket Filter" mechanism that accepts BPF filters; see the README.linux file for information on configuring that option. Note to Linux distributions and *BSD systems that include libpcap: There's now a rule to make a shared library, which should work on Linux and *BSD, among other platforms. It sets the soname of the library to "libpcap.so.1"; this is what it should be, *NOT* libpcap.so.1.x or libpcap.so.1.x.y or something such as that. We've been maintaining binary compatibility between libpcap releases for quite a while; there's no reason to tie a binary linked with libpcap to a particular release of libpcap. Problems, bugs, questions, desirable enhancements, etc. should be sent to the address "tcpdump-workers@lists.tcpdump.org". Bugs, support requests, and feature requests may also be submitted on the GitHub issue tracker for libpcap at https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/libpcap/issues Source code contributions, etc. should be sent to the email address above or submitted by forking the branch on GitHub at http://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/libpcap/tree/master and issuing a pull request. Current versions can be found at www.tcpdump.org. - The TCPdump team